Left Ventricle Segmentation Procedure
The muscle and cavity of the left ventricle can be divided into a variable number of segments. Based on autopsy data the AHA recommends a division into 17 segments for the regional analysis of left ventricular function or myocardial perfusion:
Polar Plots
If functional values have been obtained in the 17 cardiac segments by some quantification method, they can be arranged as a polar plot with the
Such an arrangement makes it easy to compare the outcome in different conditions (eg. rest/stress) or between patients. The arrangement together with numbers identifying the cardiac segments is illustrated below.
|
Basal Segments |
|
Mid-cavity Segments |
|
Apical Segments |
1. |
basal anterior |
7. |
mid anterior |
13. |
apical anterior |
2. |
basal anteroseptal |
8. |
mid anteroseptal |
14. |
apical septal |
3. |
basal inferoseptal |
9. |
mid inferoseptal |
15. |
apical inferior |
4. |
basal inferior |
10. |
mid inferior |
16. |
apical lateral |
5. |
basal inferolateral |
11. |
mid inferolateral |
17. |
apex |
6. |
basal anterolateral |
12. |
mid anterolateral |
|
|
The relative contribution of the basal, mid-cavity, and apical segments are 35% (6/17), 35% (6/17), and 30% (5/17), respectively.
Coronary Artery Territories
The AHA guidelines emphasize that there is a "tremendous variability in the coronary artery blood supply to myocardial segments". The greatest variability occurs at the apical cap, which can be supplied by any of the three arteries. With the recognition of the anatomic variability the individual segments may be assigned to specific coronary artery territories as follows.
Coronary Artery: |
Segments |
Left Anterior Descending (LAD) |
1, 2, 7, 8, 13, 14, 17 |
Right Coronary Artery (RCA) |
3, 4, 9, 10, 15 |
Left Circumflex (LCX) |
5, 6, 11, 12, 16 |